12V to 220V 100W Inverter

Here is a 100 Watt inverter circuit using minimum number of components. I think it is quite difficult to make a decent one like this with further less components.Here we use CD 4047 IC from Texas Instruments for generating the 100 Hz pulses and four 2N3055 transistors for driving the load. The IC1 Cd4047 wired as an astable multivibrator produces two 180 degree out of phase 100 Hz pulse trains.

These pulse trains are preamplified by the two TIP122 transistors.The out puts of the TIP 122 transistors are amplified by four 2N3055 transistors (two transistors for each half cycle) to drive the inverter transformer.The 220V AC will be available at the secondary of the transformer. Nothing complex just the elementary inverter principle and the circuit works great for small loads like a few bulbs or fans.If you need just a low cost inverter in the region of 100 W, then this is the best.

Circuit diagram:

100 Watt Inverter Circuit Diagram

Parts:
P1 = 250K
R1 = 4.7K
R2 = 4.7K
R3 = 0.1R-5W
R4 = 0.1R-5W
R5 = 0.1R-5W
R6 = 0.1R-5W
C1 = 0.022uF
C2 = 220uF-25V
D1 = BY127
D2 = 9.1V Zener
Q1 = TIP122
Q2 = TIP122
Q3 = 2N3055
Q4 = 2N3055
Q5 = 2N3055
Q6 = 2N3055
F1 = 10A Fuse
IC1 = CD4047
T1 = 12-0-12V
Transformer Connected in Reverse


Notes:

• A 12 V car battery can be used as the 12V source.
• Use the POT R1 to set the output frequency to50Hz.
• For the transformer get a 12-0-12 V , 10A step down transformer.But here the 12-
• 0-12 V winding will be the primary and 220V winding will be the secondary.
• If you could not get a 10A rated transformer , don’t worry a 5A one will be just
• enough. But the allowed out put power will be reduced to 60W.
• Use a 10 A fuse in series with the battery as shown in circuit.
• Mount the IC on a IC holder.
• Remember,this circuit is nothing when compared to advanced PWM
• inverters.This is a low cost circuit meant for low scale applications.

Design tips:

1. The maximum allowed output power of an inverter depends on two factors.The
2. maximum current rating of the transformer primary and the current rating of the driving
3. transistors.
4. For example ,to get a 100 Watt output using 12 V car battery the primary current will be
5. ~8A ,(100/12) because P=VxI.So the primary of transformer must be rated above 8A.
6. Also here ,each final driver transistors must be rated above 4A. Here two will be
7. conducting parallel in each half cycle, so I=8/2 = 4A .
8. These are only rough calculations and enough for this circuit.

Source

500W Low Cost 12V to 220V Inverter

Using this circuit you can convert the 12V dc in to the 220V Ac. In this circuit 4047 is use to generate the square wave of 50hz and amplify the current and then amplify the voltage by using the step transformer.

How to calculate transformer rating
The basic formula is P=VI and between input output of the transformer we have Power input = Power output
For example if we want a 220W output at 220V then we need 1A at the output. Then at the input we must have at least 18.3V at 12V because: 12V*18.3 = 220v*1
So you have to wind the step up transformer 12v to 220v but input winding must be capable to bear 20A.

500W Low Cost 12V to 220V Inverter Circuit Diagram

Source

Cheap 12V to 220V Inverter

Even though today’s electrical appliances are increasingly often self-powered, especially the portable ones you carry around when camping or holidaying in summer, you do still sometimes need a source of 230 V AC - and while we’re about it, why not at a frequency close to that of the mains? As long as the power required from such a source remains relatively low - here we’ve chosen 30 VA - it’s very easy to build an inverter with simple, cheap components that many electronics hobbyists may even already have.

Though it is possible to build a more powerful circuit, the complexity caused by the very heavy currents to be handled on the low-voltage side leads to circuits that would be out of place in this summer issue. Let’s not forget, for example, that just to get a meager 1 amp at 230 VAC, the battery primary side would have to handle more than 20 ADC!. The circuit diagram of our project is easy to follow. A classic 555 timer chip, identified as IC1, is configured as an astable multivibrator at a frequency close to 100 Hz, which can be adjusted accurately by means of potentiometer P1.

Circuit diagram:

Cheap 12V to 220V Inverter Circuit Diagram

As the mark/space ratio (duty factor) of the 555 output is a long way from being 1:1 (50%), it is used to drive a D-type flip-flop produced using a CMOS type 4013 IC. This produces perfect complementary square-wave signals (i.e. in antiphase) on its Q and Q outputs suitable for driving the output power transistors. As the output current available from the CMOS 4013 is very small, Darlington power transistors are used to arrive at the necessary output current. We have chosen MJ3001s from the now defunct Motorola (only as a semi-conductor manufacturer, of course!) which are cheap and readily available, but any equivalent power Darlington could be used.

These drive a 230 V to 2 × 9 V center-tapped transformer used ‘backwards’ to produce the 230 V output. The presence of the 230 VAC voltage is indicated by a neon light, while a VDR (voltage dependent resistor) type S10K250 or S07K250 clips off the spikes and surges that may appear at the transistor switching points. The output signal this circuit produces is approximately a square wave; only approximately, since it is somewhat distorted by passing through the transformer. Fortunately, it is suitable for the majority of electrical devices it is capable of supplying, whether they be light bulbs, small motors, or power supplies for electronic devices.

PCB layout:

PCB Layout For Cheap 12V to 220V Inverter Circuit Diagram

COMPONENTS LIST
Resistors
R1 = 18k?
R2 = 3k3
R3 = 1k
R4,R5 = 1k?5
R6 = VDR S10K250 (or S07K250)
P1 = 100 k potentiometer
Capacitors
C1 = 330nF
C2 = 1000 µF 25V
Semiconductor
T1,T2 = MJ3001
IC1 = 555
IC2 = 4013
Miscellaneous
LA1 = neon light 230 V
F1 = fuse, 5A
TR1 = mains transformer, 2x9V 40VA (see text)
4 solder pins

Note that, even though the circuit is intended and designed for powering by a car battery, i.e. from 12 V, the transformer is specified with a 9 V primary. But at full power you need to allow for a voltage drop of around 3 V between the collector and emitter of the power transistors. This relatively high saturation voltage is in fact a ‘shortcoming’ common to all devices in Darlington configuration, which actually consists of two transistors in one case. We’re suggesting a PCB design to make it easy to construct this project; as the component overlay shows, the PCB only carries the low-power, low-voltage components.

The Darlington transistors should be fitted onto a finned anodized aluminum heat-sink using the standard insulating accessories of mica washers and shouldered washers, as their collectors are connected to the metal cans and would otherwise be short-circuited. An output power of 30 VA implies a current consumption of the order of 3 A from the 12 V battery at the ‘primary side’. So the wires connecting the collectors of the MJ3001s [1] T1 and T2 to the transformer primary, the emitters of T1 and T2 to the battery negative terminal, and the battery positive terminal to the transformer primary will need to have a minimum cross-sectional area of 2 mm2 so as to minimize voltage drop.

The transformer can be any 230 V to 2 × 9 V type, with an E/I iron core or toroidal, rated at around 40 VA. Properly constructed on the board shown here, the circuit should work at once, the only adjustment being to set the output to a frequency of 50 Hz with P1. You should keep in minds that the frequency stability of the 555 is fairly poor by today’s standards, so you shouldn’t rely on it to drive your radio-alarm correctly – but is such a device very useful or indeed desirable to have on holiday anyway? Watch out too for the fact that the output voltage of this inverter is just as dangerous as the mains from your domestic power sockets.

So you need to apply just the same safety rules! Also, the project should be enclosed in a sturdy ABS or diecast so no parts can be touched while in operation. The circuit should not be too difficult to adapt to other mains voltages or frequencies, for example 110 V, 115 V or 127 V, 60 Hz. The AC voltage requires a transformer with a different primary voltage (which here becomes the secondary), and the frequency, some adjusting of P1 and possibly minor changes to the values of timing components R1 and C1 on the 555.

B. Broussas
Elektor Elecronics 2008
Source

Cara Kerja Accu

Discharge
Energi listrik yang lepas dari accu disebut "Discharge", saat energi tambahan dari sumber daya listrik eksternal memulihkan accu ke kondisi aslinya, keadaan seperti itu disebut "charge". Sewaktu accu melepaskan energinya (contoh: saat lampu menyala), larutan asam belerang dalam elektrolit akan bereaksi dengan bahan - bahan aktif dalam elektroda positif dan negatif lalu menghasilkan sebuah kumpulan zat kimia yang disebut timah sulfat (lead sulfate).
Jadi setiap kali terpakai, konsumsi larutan asam belerang meningkat dan jumlah larutan asam belerang dalam cairan accu akan berkurang. Hal ini mengakibatkan berkurangnya kepadatan larutan. Jumlah konsumsi larutan asam belerang sebanding dengan jumlah aliran listrik yang dihasilkan. Ketika larutan asam belerang bereaksi dengan zat - zat aktif di dalam lempengan elektroda dan jumlahnya berkurang, maka voltase accu akan menurun, dan tidak akan mampu menghasilkan arus listrik.
Menurunnya kepadatan elektrolit adalah dampak dari pemakaian, oleh karena itu, untuk mengukur / memperkirakan jumlah sisa arus listrik dalam aki dipergunakanlah hidrometer. Alat ini bekerja dengan membaca volume larutan asam belerang yang masih tersisa.

Charge
Ketika arus listrik dari luar ditambahkan ke accu yang sudah habis dipakai, timah sulfat (lead sulfate) di dalam elektroda positif dan negatif akan berubah, larutan asam belerang akan meninggalkan lempengan elektroda dan kembali ke elektrolit, lalu zat - zat kimia akan dipulihkan kembali ke berat jenis asalnya.
Pada saat yang bersamaan, zat - zat aktif dalam lempengan elektroda akan dipulihkan ke kondisi aslinya sehingga dapat menghasilkan arus listrik kembali. Ketika accu telah hampir dipulihkan, elektroda negatif akan menghasilkan gas hidrogen dan elektroda positif akan menghasiikan gas oksigen.
Keduanya adalah zat yang bersifat mudah meledak, jadi aki tidak boleh disimpan didekat benda yang mudah terbakar atau dimana percikan atau arus listrik mungkin terjadi.

Kemampuan Berbalik Accu
Accu secara kimiawi unsur - unsur didalamnya dapat dibalik. Pada battery, ketika sudah habis dipergunakan maka battery tersebut tidak dapat dipakai kembali. Tetapi pada accu, ketika muatan listrik diisi kembali dengan arah yang berlawan dengan arah sewaktu habis dipakai, maka accu dapat dipulihkan kembali ke kondisi semula. Proses pergantian di dalam sel ketika "recharge" dan "discharge" ditampilkan dalam gambar di bawah ini.

Berikut ini dijelaskan standar performa accu, yang ditetapkan oleh Japanese Industrial Standard (JISD5301)
Ampere Hour Capacity at 5 Hour Rate
Ampere Hour Capacity at"5 Hour rate adalah jumlah arus listrik yang akan dihantarkan sebuah accu selama lima jam setelah accu itu terisi penuh dan suhu tetap pada 25X sampai voltase turun ke 10.50V (disebabkan oleh aliran listrik konstan, 1/5 dari Ampere Hour Capacity at 5 Hour rate ) contohnya, sebuah aki 12V,120Ah akan rnenghantarkan aliran listrik sebesar 24A selama 5 jam. Sebelum voltase turun ke 10.50 V seperti yang ditunjukkan table di sebelah ini. Jika mengalikan jumlah arus listrik (Ampere) dengan waktu dalam satuan jam, hasilnya adalah jumlah dari ampere-hours

Reserve Capacity (RC)
Walaupun perhitungan Ampere Hour Capacity at 5 Hour rate adalah cara yang akurat untuk mengetahui pengurangan daya accu, tapi seandainya jika sistem pengisian itu rusak, peralatan elektronik mobil masih membutuhkan persediaan listrik dari accu, itulah mengapa reserve capacity (kapasitas cadangan) penting, tanpa menghiraukan ukuran, accu akan terkuras 25A secara teratur pada suhu 25°C. Satuan pengurangan daya accu dalam menit. 25A mewakili rata - rata muatan listrik pada sebuah mobil yang bekerja di bawah kondisi normal.

Starting Performance
Starting performance dinilai dari berapa lama arus listrik tinggi mampu terjaga setelah menghidupkan mesin. Ketika mesin dihidupkan, aliran listrik yang mengalir tergantung pada beberapa faktor, seperti, jumlah yang berkurang, kecepatan berputar. Aliran listrik pada mobil biasaakan mendekati 100 - 300A pada kondisi suhu normal.Jika suhu sekitar lebih rendah, tingkat kekentalan pada pelumas akan lebih tinggi, dan aliran listrik yang diperlukan untuk menghidupkan juga meningkat.

Cara accu bekerja
Menurut standar JIS, performa awal accu pada suhu rendah diatur seperti dibawah ini:
(2) Cold Cranking Amps i;CCA)
(1) Karakter Suhu Rendah dan Nilai Pengurangan Daya Tinggi
• Di suhu minus 15°C, dan discharge rate adalah 150A, 300A, atau 500A, voltase turun harus mulai setelah 5 (atau 30) detik.
• Di suhu minus 15°C, dan discharge rate adalah 150A, 300A, atau 500A, konsumsi waktu (menit) dari pengurangan daya sampai voltase akan turun ke 6V ditampilkan pada halaman sebelumnya (14), table itu menunjukkan contoh dari nilai pengurangan daya 150A pada suhu 15°C
Kemampuan menghidupkan mesin pada suhu rendah diatur oleh SAE (standard Amerika) dan DIN (standard German). Pada accu mobil, aliran listrik mengalir ke soldier voltase, koil pengapian dan diperlukan waktu tertentu untuk menghidupkan mesin. Jadi, standar CCA di tentukan sebagai "30 detik waktu yang diperlukan untuk menghidupkan mesin pada suhu rendah". Standar JIS juga mengaplikasikan metode ukuran CCA milik SAE.

Fitur Aki Mobil
Terdapat beberapa standar performa Accu yang diterapkan secara internasional, antara lain Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS D5301), Society of Automotive Engineer of America (SAE), maupun German Industrial Standards (Deutsche Industrie Normen/DIN). Detail tentang standar tersebut di atas dapat dilihat pada tabel di bawah ini.

Discharge rate and capacity
Kapasitas yang terdapat pada accu tergantung pada volume dari discharge electrical current, yang berarti semakin meningkatnya discharge current, lebih sedikit listrik yang dihantarkan. Di sisi lain, lebih sedikit discharge current, kapasitas listrik yang dihantarkan semakin banyak. Hal ini disebabkan ketika discharge current meningkat, elektroda yang berhamburan (reaksi kimia yang terjadi disebabkan karena proses discharge) tidak akan dapat mencukupi, dan larutan sulfat yang terdapat di dalam material akan berkurang. Seperti yang ditampilkan di tabel sebelah kanan.

Temperatur dan kapasitas
Kapasitas battery juga tergantung pada temperatur dari elektrolit. Seperti yang digambarkan pada gambar, kapasitas akan secara relatif menurun ketika temperatur menurun. Sehingga, indikator accu juga harus mencakup indikator temperatur. Temperatur standar dari kapasitas accu adalah 25° C.

Sumber

The Titits

Suatu hari hiduplah seekor titit yang frustasi dan sangat mabuk dari padang pasir, akhirnya titit-titit tersebut membentuk suatu lingkaran titit di dalam wadah musik The Titits, musik mereka tidak pantas didengarkan dan selayaknya dihujat oleh masyarakat pada umumnya... tetapi titit-titit ini tetap bersikeras menunjukan eksistensinya di Indonesia. Di bawah kekuatan api neraka mereka berjalan lurus untuk mencapai sebuah cita-cita, yaitu mengobarkan semangat ketititan para putra-putri bangsa. Debut album The Titits berjudul Premium Titit berisi 36 lagu dan sangat cocok dijadikan sebagai hadiah untuk kekasih atau ibu anda. Para tititers dapat mendownload mp3 full albumnya disini.

Track List Premium Titit Album (2009)

1. Titit Dari Mars Menyerbu Dunia
2. Dia Seorang Homoseksual
3. Titit Yang Terbelenggu
4. Itu Tititku
5. Aku Punya Titit
6. Mantan Pacarku Diperkosa
7. Titit Berantakan
8. Titit Addict
9. Bermain Titit
10. Seekor Titit
11. Norsk Blak Titit
12. Titit Berdisko
13. Apa Kabar Titit
14. Titit Di Jalan
15. Oh Mama, Oh Papa, Oh Titit
16. Mengapa Harus Jembut
17. Tititku Titit (oi version)
18. Titit Berontak
19. Setiap Hari Aku Melihat Titit
20. Titit Tempo Doeloe
21. Titit Emo (For The Dying - Love Deffered cover)
22. Tititku Menderita
23. Tititku Angkuh
24. Titit Sakit
25. Titit Yang Lucu
26. Tititku... (isi sendiri)
27. Semua Pria Metroseksual Adalah Kaum Gay
28. Mengapa Harus Jembut (take II)
29. Titit Anthem
30. Garuk Tititmu
31. In The Shadow Of The Titit (shameless Darkthrone cover)
32. Titit Addict feat Sickmath (Live in Bosnia)
33. Sabarlah Tititku (Judas Priest - Electric Eye cover)
34. Mantan Pacarku Diperkosa (Live at Donington)
35. Tangisan Seorang Pria Single
36. Bonus Track

(For Download, you must wait and click "Skip Ads")
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Ini sedikit video klip dari The Titits

Mari bersama sama mengobarkan semangat Titit di negri ini
The Titits Pure Against The Grain Indonesian Rock ‘n Roll.

Crash Team Racing (CTR) Hints & Cheat Codes

Infinite Masks
To get infinite masks, hold L1 + R1 at the main menu and press left, triangle, right, left, circle, right, down, down. If done correctly, you will hear a sound. As far as I know, this code does not work in adventure mode.

Infinite Wumpa Fruit
Hold L1 + R1 at the main menu and press down, right, right, down, down. You should then hear a sound confirming correct entry.

Unlock Nitros Oxid
Complete adventure mode with all platinum relics, next defeat all n. trophys ghost cars in time trial tracks in order starting with crash cove first do not proceed to defeat oxides ghost. next defeat all of oxides ghosts in time trial tracks in order starting with crash cove first. then at the main title screen hold L1 + R1 and press Right, Circle, Triangle, Left, Down, Circle, Triangle, and Left . Oxide will now be on character select screen. scroll down to 2nd screen.

N. Trophy
To race as N. Trophy you must open and beat his best time in Time Trial mode on every track.

Ripper Roo
win the Red Gem Cup in Adventure mode.

Komodo Joe
Win the Blue Gem Cup in Adventure mode.

Papu Papu
Win the Green Gem Cup in Adventure mode.

Nitros Oxide
You must beat his ghost in Time Trial mode on every track.

Nitros Oxide's Space Ship
To get Nitros' spacecraft get four Boss Keys.

Pinstripe
To race as Pinstripe, win the Yellow Gem Cup in Adventure mode.

Playable demo of Spyro 2
At the New game screen, hold L1 + R1 and press Down, Circle, Triangle, Right.

Penta Penguin: All Below
Hold L1 + R1 and press Down, Right, Triangle, Down, Left, Triangle, Up at the main menu. A sound will confirm correct code entry. Penta Penguin will be selectable in versus, arcade, time trial, and battle modes.

Ripper Roo
Hold L1 + R1 and press Right, Circle(2), Down, Up, Down, Right at the main menu. A sound will confirm correct code entry. Alternately, win the Red Gem cup. Ripper Roo will be selectable in versus, arcade, time trial, and battle modes.

N. Trophy
Hold L1 + R1 and press Down, Left, Right, Up, Down, Right(2) at the main menu. A sound will confirm correct code entry. Alternately, successfully complete the "Roos Tubes" level in time trial mode. N.Tropy can be unlocked with a time of 1.47.87. N.Tropy will be selectable in versus, arcade, time trial, and battle modes.

Papu Papu
Hold L1 + R1 and press Left, Triangle, Right, Down, Right, Circle, Left(2), Down at the main menu. A sound will confirm correct code entry. Alternately, win the Green Gem cup. Papu Papu will be selectable in versus, arcade, time trial, and battle modes.

Komodo Joe
Hold L1 + R1 and press Down, Circle, Left(2), Triangle, Right, Down at the main menu. A sound will confirm correct code entry. Alternately, win the Blue Gem cup. . Komodo Joe will be selectable in versus, arcade, time trial, and battle modes.

Pinstripe
Hold L1 + R1 and press Left, Right, Triangle, Down, Right, Down at the main menu. A sound will confirm correct code entry. Alternately, win the Yellow Gem cup. Pinstripe will be selectable in versus, arcade, time trial, and battle modes.

Extra tracks
Hold L1 + R1 and press Right(2), Left, Triangle, Right, Down(2) at the main menu. A sound will confirm correct code entry. The turbo track and three bonus battle arenas will now be unlocked.

Super turbo pads
Hold L1 + R1 and press Triangle, Right(2), Circle, Left at the main menu. A sound will confirm correct code entry.


Always get invisibility power-ups
Hold L1 + R1 and press Down, Left, Right, Up, Down, Right at the main menu. A sound will confirm correct code entry.

Invisibility
Hold L1 + R1 and press Up(2), Down, Right(2), Up at the main menu. A sound will confirm correct code entry.

Unlimited bombs
Hold L1 + R1 and press Triangle, Right, Down, Right, Up, Triangle, Left at the main menu. A sound will confirm correct code entry.

Unlimited Wumpa Fruit
Hold L1 + R1 and press Down, Right(2), Down(2) at the main menu. A sound will confirm correct code entry.

Unlimited masks
Hold L1 + R1 and press Left, Triangle, Right, Left, Circle, Right, Down(2) at the main menu. A sound will confirm correct code entry.

View turbo counter
Hold L1 + R1 and press Triangle, Down(2), Circle, Up at the main menu. A sound will confirm correct code entry.

Playable Spyro The Dragon 2 demo
Hold L1 + R1 and press Down, Circle, Triangle, Right at the main menu. A sound will confirm correct code entry.

Nitros Oxide
Get a time lower than N. Trophy's best on time trail mode to unlock Nitros Oxide track ghost. Defeat the ghost on each time trial track to race as Nitros Oxide.

Fake Crash
Win the Purple Gem cup to unlock Fake Crash.

Extra battle mode arenas
Successfully complete the arcade one player mode under the easy, medium, and hard difficulty setting for all for cups to receive a total of four new battle arenas. The easy difficulty setting unlocks the "Parking Lot", normal unlocks "The North Bowl", and hard unlocks "Lab Basement".

Red Gem cup
Collect all four red coins in adventure mode.

Green Gem cup
Collect all four green coins in adventure mode.

Blue Gem cup
Collect all four blue coins in adventure mode.

Yellow Gem cup
Collect all four yellow coins in adventure mode.

Purple Gem cup
Collect all four purple coins in the crystal levels of adventure mode.

Turbo track
Collect all coins and all five gems.

Scrapbook
Break N. Oxide's records in time trial mode to unlock a scrapbook option at the main menu.

Firing poison potions forward
Press Up or Left Analog-stick Up while pressing Circle to fire poison potions forward.

Fire bowling bombs backwards
Press Down or Left Analog-stick Down while pressing Circle to fire bowling bombs backward.


Defeating Bosses
Do not stay directly behind a Boss to avoid getting hit by power-ups. A Boss cannot hit you if you are in front of him, so drive fast.

Power slides
Power slides are always good for any turn, but if L1 or R1 is held too long you will spin out and lose precious time.

Get Bombs Off
Keep pressing L1 and R1 and it gets bombs off of your back.

Crash Cove shortcut
Near the beginning of the track is a ramp with two fruit boxes at the end of it, just before a small lake. Stay to the right of the ramp and begin turning left toward the mountain once you pass the ramp. You will be driving through the lake. You will have to practice this, but it dips right before you would run into the mountain. As your head goes completely underwater, hold Jump. You will jump onto the shortcut and can pick up a box before jumping back down and rejoining the race near the bridge. You can begin your turn when you pass the single star on the ground just to the right of the ramp. You will be jumping onto the land that is connected to the bridge that you drive under which leads out to that boat to your right.

Dragon Mines shortcut
About a quarter of the way through the race is a railroad track with coal cars on it that go to the right. Follow the coal cars into the tunnel in the side of the wall, then follow the railroad track until it appears at the middle section of the track. You will get run over by the coal cars, but you will still end up ahead.

Oxide Station shortcut
There are three turbo pads after the first tunnel. After the third pad, turn left and jump over wall to land on the lower of the two tracks for a huge shortcut. Note: You cannot accomplish this with super turbo pads, as you will go too far.

Papu Pyramid shortcut
In Papu's Pyramid, go to the part where steps appear. Go on the right side where the turbo is located. Hit it and immediately go left and jump onto the ledge. Follow it and you will jump right onto the bridge and get an apple box.

In Papu Pyramid, before you get to the turn before the stairs, there are two bars that have arrows pointing to the right. Go between them, but keep to the right and jump at the last second to land on a hidden ledge. Then, jump off it. If done correctly, you will land on the other shortcut, or be lined up for it.

There is a jump on the way to the hairpin turn by the finish line. If you time a jump perfectly, you can get across to the other side. This trick has a near 100% chance if done with Aku Aku/Uka Uka or a speed boost. Also, when you approach the other end of the track, release X and press Circle + Right to turn in the air so you do not fall off the other end.

Polar Pass shortcut
There is a wall before the jump at Polar Pass. Enable the "Unlimited masks" code and use it before the wall to jump over it.

Sewer Speedway shortcut
In Sewer Speedway, you can take a shortcut that will enable you to go faster and end up ahead of the pack. This shortcut can only be reached with a speed power-up. Go into the tunnels immediately after the first part. Stay on the left ledge and look above the right ledge. You will see a hole in the wall. Speed into it and follow the pathway.

Slide Coliseum shortcut
There is a very sharp turn at Slide Coliseum. Get a Mask or Speed burst. Use the little hill as a ramp and jump over it. Drive straight and you will be at the end of the turn.

Tiger Temple shortcut
About half way through the Tiger Temple track is a face in a wall on the left. Shoot a missile, bomb, poison potion (fired forwards) at the mouth of the face, or have an Aku Aku/Uka Uka. The mouth will open and you can drive straight through a shortcut.

Cortex Castle Shortcut
Near the end of cortex castle there is a bit of track that does a hairpin turn all you need to do is get a mask or a speed booster and just before the ramp up press o and jump to the left you should land a bit of track in the air. This should nock off a lot of time and put you in first place.

Source